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怎么
怎麼
zěnme
interrogative pronoun

The interrogative pronoun zěnme 怎么/怎麼 ‘how’, ‘why’, ‘what’, ‘what kind of’ occurs mainly in interrogative sentences and is used to ask about the manner, cause and reason of something. It can also be used in declarative sentences to express degree.
HSK1 TBCL2

Common errors

Syntactic errors

Errors in the structure of the sentence with the interrogative pronoun 怎么/怎麼

  • Learners may place the interrogative pronoun 怎么/怎麼 in the sentence initial position before a nominal element.

*怎么这个字写?
怎么写这个字?/ 这个字怎么写?

*怎麼這個字寫?
怎麼寫這個字?/ 這個字怎麼寫?

  • Learners may use 怎么/怎麼 instead of  怎么样 / 怎麼樣 or 怎么了 / 怎麼了.

*你今天怎么?
你今天怎么样?

*你今天怎麼?
你今天怎麼樣?

*你怎么?
你怎么了?

*你怎麼?
你怎麼了?

  • They may also omit the words that should be used, for example omit 不 in the construction 不 + 怎么/怎麼 before adjectives.

*她怎么漂亮。
她不怎么漂亮?

*她怎麼漂亮。
她不怎麼漂亮?

Pragmatic errors

Misuse of sentence structures

  • Learners may incorrectly use 怎么/怎麼 + V + 了 to ask how an action was performed, when the 是…的 construction is required. Make sure that students understand the difference between 怎么/怎麼 + V + 了 (used to ask about reasons and to express surprise, confusion, or disbelief) and …是 + 怎么/怎麼 + V + 的? (used to ask how an action was performed).

A: *你怎么来了?
A: 你是怎么来的?

A: *你怎麼來了?
A: 你是怎麼來的?

B: *我骑车来了。
B: 我是骑车来的。

B: *我騎車來了。
B: 我是騎車來的。